Agarwood Oil Nanoemulsion Counteracts LPS-induced Inflammation And Oxidative Stress In RAW264.7 Mouse Macrophages Introduction Inflammation and oxidative stress are key factors in chronic diseases, triggering immune responses that, if not controlled, lead to tissue damage. Chronic inflammatory conditions like asthma and COPD involve dysregulated inflammation and oxidative stress, causing significant harm to the body. The activation of immune cells and…

Agarwood Oil Nanoemulsion: A Promising Treatment for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects millions of people worldwide and is primarily caused by chronic exposure to cigarette smoke. Current treatments for COPD aim to reduce symptoms but do not address the underlying oxidative stress and inflammation. Phytochemicals and plant extracts such as agarwood essential oil…

Agarwood Oil Nanoemulsion Attenuates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Markers in BCi-NS1.1 Airway Epithelial Cells Abstract COPD is a lung disease that makes it hard to breathe. It's caused by smoking and leads to lung damage. There are treatments to reduce symptoms, but they don't stop the damage. Plant extracts, like agarwood oil, can help because they have things…